Monday, June 1, 2009

Fan Stall


Stall is aerodynamic phenomenon which occurs when a fan operates beyond its performance limits and flow separation occurs around the blade.

Stall Condition.
The angular relationship between the air flow impinging on the blade of a fan and the blade itself is known as “the angle of attack”. In axial flow fan, when this angel exceeds a certain limit, the air flow over the blade separates from the surface and centrifugal force then throws the air outwards, towards the rim of blades. This action causes a build up of pressure at the blade tip, and this pressure increases until it can be relived at the clearance between the tip and the casing. Under this condition the operation of the fan becomes unstable, vibration sets in and the flow starts to oscillate. The risk of stall increases if a fan is oversized or if the system resistance increase excessively.



For each setting of blade there is a point on the fan characteristic beyond which stall will occur. If these points are linked, a stall line (from Howden Sirocco LTD) is generated and if this is built into the plant control system (DCS) it can be used to warn the operator that the condition is imminent and then to actively shift operation away from the danger region. The actual stall line data a given machine should be provided by the fan manufacturer.


The figure beside explain that the fan is operating with blade angle is 77%, flow is 1168 T/h and suction & discharge differential pressure of fan is 30 mbar. The fan is not (almost) running in best efficiency area. If the normal boiler resistance increase for any reason (for instance, a furnace pressure excursion caused by a main fuel trip), the operating point will change to meet a new higher system resistance. If the operating point arrives at point S, the fan will stall.

Stall Prevention.
For Secondary Air Axial Fan
1. Monitoring fan stall curve and keep fan operation away from stall region by adjusting air flow demand for perfect combustion set point.
2. Reduce losses of axial fan flow by keep in service the Air Heater Leakage Control System.
3. Reduce restriction of fan flow by do Air Heater Soot blowing every 3 or 4 hours.

How to back to normal condition if Fan on Stall?
1. Reduce air flow for combustion demand.
2. Reduce Unit Load from 100% to 90%.

Click here for more information about Fan Stall.


Information about Boiler Soot-blower, click below this...
http://idpowerstation.blogspot.com/2009/04/sootblower.html

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