They are part of a back up safety system that is design to protect life and property from accident equipment fault. The motor has deadly potential to ground (earth). The current is locking to return to its source at the transformer. A person who contacts a grounded surface for example like plumbing earth could provide a parallel return path.
These have been added to the motors, and it serves to carry the fault current and trip the breaker.
Even if the fault was insufficient to trip the breaker, these would provide electrical equipment that would help protect anyone touching the motor.
An attempt has been made to use the earth as these.
Ironically, the earth might be a good enough conductor to carry the amount of current necessary to shock or electrocute a person, but it is not a good enough conductor to trip the breaker.
The earth can never be relied on to clear the fault.
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